Back to table of contents

Labial Adhesions

Case

The mother of a 7 month old girl comes to the office because she can not see the babies vagina when she changes the diaper. The baby is otherwise doing well and has frequent wet diapers. How would you treat this patient?

Labial adhesions are common in females between the ages of 4 months and 6 years. It results from the presence of inflammation secondary to irritation in a low estrogen environment, thus it is not seen at birth and after puberty. There appears to be no opening and the urethra is not visualized. Often referred for "absent vagina" Rare incidence of urinary retention.

5% of prepubertal girls and up to 10 % of girls<12 months of age

Etiology

  1. Most common, there is a non-specific vulvovaginitis that is asymptomatic.
    1. Poor hygiene
    2. Enterobiasis vernicularis
    3. Candida infection
    4. Group A Streptococcus, sometimes associated with throat infection

  2. Symptomatic infections
    1. Gonococcal infections
    2. Trichomonas infections
    3. vaginalis
    4. Gardenella vaginalis

Management

  1. Examination should detect the labial agglutination and your exam should include looking for signs of infection, rash, discharge, and sexual abuse.
  2. If there are signs of a urinary tract infection, a sterile urine culture should be done.
  3. Emphasize good hygiene
    1. anterior to posterior
    2. change diapers more frequently
    3. change underwear daily

  4. Estrogen cream applied nightly for twice daily with finger over the fusion line.  Stop treatments if breast buds develop.  50-100 % success rate.
  5. Majority of cases will resolve without any therapy within 18 months. Therefore, reassurance is all that is necessary in most cases. If you manually break the adhesions, they will reform unless you put petroleum jelly on the edges.  This may also traumatize the patient.
  6. Reassurance and rarely is there a need to send to gynecologist for evaluation.

References

  1. Labial Adhesions. Pediatrics in Review March 1994

Back to table of contents